220kV变电站电晕噪声抑制技术研究和应用

变电站电晕放电会导致变电站工频电磁场及无线电干扰水平超标,对周围环境造成噪音和电磁污染,影响居民生活和工程的环境评价,因此必须对其进行治理。根据相关设备、金具的实际布置形式和外形结构图纸,结合变电站电晕实测结果,同时考虑相间影响和周围带电导体作用,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立了220 kV变电站典型放电位置的三维电场有限元仿真计算模型,计算了金具表面的电场分布,得到了其表面的场强最大值和分布规律。根据计算结果优化了金具的结构、尺寸和参数,并提出了电晕噪声抑制措施。仿真结果表明采取优化和抑制措施后,金具的电场分布畸变有较大改善,表面最大场强下降到3 000 V/mm以下。研究成果为变电站的防晕降噪设计提供了重要参考,为绿色电网和变电站的建设提供了依据。     

PIλ 电流内环控制器实现的链式APF在外超导磁体中的应用

稳态强磁场超导磁体电源采用双反星型可控硅整流技术方案,是一种典型的非线性负载,运行时会带来较大的无功冲击及谐波污染。针对科学装置的链式高压有源电力滤波方案规划,结合有源滤波系统的非线性特性,提出一种采用分数阶PI控制器代替普通PI控制器实现的电流内环解耦方法,基于改进的Oustaloup算法,实现分数阶微积分的求解。通过仿真与实验对比分析了分数阶PI与常规PI控制器的运行效果。经仿真与实验表明,采用的分数阶PI电流内环控制器是正确的,且具有一定的参考价值。     

基于谐振阻尼的三相LCL型并网逆变器谐波抑制优化策略

LCL型并网逆变器对高频谐波的衰减效果显著,但是内部滤波器自身容易出现谐振,而且对电网背景谐波电压引起的电网电流谐波抑制能力有限。针对逆变器中LCL型滤波器自身存在的谐振现象,在逆变器侧电流单环控制的基础上,分析其谐振机理,采用基于电感电流一阶微分前馈的谐振阻尼抑制谐振;同时建立谐波电网下的LCL型并网逆变器微分方程模型。在抑制谐振的基础上,主要分析网侧谐波电流环直接抑制方式,实现对电网电流谐振与谐波复合抑制,同时采用滤波电容临界值作为选择网侧谐波电流闭环的条件。分析闭环参数对系统性能的影响,给出控制参数的设计。实验结果验证了所采用控制策略的正确性和有效性。     

发电机中性点经消弧线圈过补偿接地方式探讨

发电机中性点接地方式的选择是涉及安全运行的一个重要方面。目前,大容量发电机主要采用经高阻接地或经消弧线圈接地。相比经高阻接地方式,经消弧线圈接地有更多的问题需要注意,其中一个问题就是传递过电压。通常为限制传递过电压,要求消弧线圈工作在欠补偿状态。     

高速动车组速度传感器的电磁干扰测试与分析

结合现场实测,对CRH380BL型动车组速度传感器的电磁干扰问题进行了研究。首先分析了开关型霍尔传感器自身具有良好的抗干扰能力,指出当降弓时产生的电弧放电在车体上产生过电压时将会对其产生干扰。然后采用电偶极子理论分析了降弓时激发的电磁场的特性,从磁场在介质表面切向分量不连续的角度分析了车体过电压产生的原因,最后从传感器传输电缆屏蔽层接地方式的角度分析了车体过电压对传感器的干扰耦合机理。结果表明:降弓时产生的磁场强度最大值为54.07 d BμA/m,且频率主要分布在5 MHz附近,2号车厢车体过电压达600 V以上。车体骚扰电压会通过电缆屏蔽层与芯线间的寄生电容耦合到芯线内,对芯线中传输的速度信号造成干扰。通过在1车新增保护接地线后,有效地减小了电弧放电对速度传感器的电磁干扰。     

基于混和时频分析方法的ISAR成像研究

采用了一种混合时频算法来克服传统时频算法ISAR成像时交叉项干扰问题,提高成像分辨率;提出了"数据分割-时频分析与采样-数据拼接"成像加速方法提高ISAR成像处理效率.应用强散射回波点目标某飞机模型做仿真实验.对比传统ISAR时频分析方法和本文方法成像表明:本方法成像质量高,关键细节清晰可见,基本消除了无交叉项干扰,时频分辨率高:成像加速算法较传统成像算法缩短了一半以上的成像处理时间,成像实时性得到了显著提升。     

Performance analysis of switch‐and‐examine diversity systems with interference and Rayleigh fading channels

This paper studies the behavior of the low‐complexity switch‐and‐examine diversity combining (SEC) and switch‐and‐examine diversity combining with post‐examine selection (SECps) antenna selection schemes with interference. In this paper, we first derive the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end‐to‐end (e2e) signal‐to‐interference plus noise ratio at the selection scheme combiner output. This CDF is then used to derive closed‐form expressions for the e2e outage and symbol error probabilities for the independent nonidentically distributed and independent identically distributed cases of diversity branches. In the analysis, the channels of the desired user and the interferers are assumed to follow Rayleigh distribution. Furthermore, to have more details about the system insights, the performance is evaluated at the high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values where the diversity order and coding gain are derived and analyzed. The derived analytical and asymptotic results are validated via a comparison with Monte‐Carlo simulations. Main findings show that with interference power does not scale with average SNR; the system can still achieve performance gain when more receive antennas are used. This happens at the values of switching threshold that are close to average SNR. Also, results illustrate that the interference is noticeably affecting the gain achieved in system performance when more antennas are used. Furthermore, findings show that the SECps selection scheme outperforms the conventional SEC scheme when more antennas are added with the switching threshold is much larger than the average SNR. Finally, findings show that the SEC and SECps antenna selection schemes are efficient for systems which operate at the range of low SNR values and this makes them attractive candidates to be implemented in the emerging mobile broadband communication systems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance analysis of hexagonal cellular networks in fading channels

This paper analyzes the location‐dependent performance metrics of coverage probability and spectral efficiency in hexagonal cellular networks under Rayleigh fading with a general distribution for shadowing and also including two special cases of no shadowing and lognormal shadowing. The effects of system parameters such as frequency reuse factor, transmission probability of base stations, and signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio gap from Shannon capacity are accurately characterized. The proposed approach is applied to fractional frequency reuse (FFR) scheme where the impact of FFR on spectral efficiency is evaluated. Numerical results show that (i) in a lognormal‐shadowed Rayleigh fading channel with the shadowing standard deviation of 12 dB, the cell area wide spectral efficiency is degraded by approximately 40% compared with when there is Rayleigh fading without shadowing; (ii) the improvement in spectral efficiency achieved by FFR over the universal frequency reuse increases as the transmission probability increases and the shadowing becomes less severe; and (iii) in Rayleigh fading without shadowing environment where all the base stations are actively transmitting, FFR achieves approximately 20% improvement in spectral efficiency in the cell edge area. Interestingly, this improvement increases to about 30% if a 3‐dB signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio gap from Shannon capacity is further accounted. Copyright © 2015 JohnWiley & Sons     

基于EMI滤波器的防爆变频调速系统EMI抑制

大功率矿用防爆变频器大都采用PWM调制技术,使用IGBT作为开关器件,IGBT在开通和关断过程中会产生很大的du/dt,di/dt,由于线路中寄生电容和寄生电感的存在,会导致很严重的电磁干扰,严重影响系统安全稳定运行。对防爆变频系统EMI干扰源进行了分析建模,设计了防爆变频调速系统EMI滤波器,在分析阻抗失配对EMI滤波器插入损耗影响的基础上,建立带EMI滤波器的传导干扰的高频模型,通过有无EMI滤波器传导干扰频谱仿真图对比,验证了EMI滤波器对传导干扰的抑制作用。经过现场的实验测试,加入EMI滤波器后传导干扰得到很好的抑制,传导干扰频谱幅值在规定的范围内。     

分数延迟重复控制在并网逆变器中的应用

重复控制可完全跟踪周期参考信号或抑制周期扰动信号,实现极低的稳态误差。鉴于实际电网的频率波动,当系统采样频率与期望输出频率的比值为非整数时,传统重复控制无法精确跟踪输入信号,导致系统输出的静差变大,影响系统稳定性。提出分数延迟重复控制(FDRC),基于拉格朗日插值法给出FDRC的滤波器实现方法,仿真和实验结果表明FDRC具有更高的跟踪精度和更好的谐波抑制能力。